Dead Sea
The Dead Sea is an endorheic lake located in the Jordan Rift Valley. The Jordan River is the only major water source flowing into the Dead Sea, although there are small perennial springs under and around the Dead Sea, creating pools and quicksand pits along the edges Rainfall is scarcely 100 mm (4 in) per year in the northern part of the Dead Sea and barely 50 mm (2 in) in the southern part. The Dead Sea zone's aridity is due to the rain shadow effect of the Judean Hills. The highlands east of the Dead Sea receive more rainfall than the Dead Sea itself. To the west of the Dead Sea, the Judean Hills rise less steeply and are much lower than the mountains to the east. Along the southwestern side of the lake is a 210 m (700 ft) tall halite formation called "Mount Sodom".
The Dead Sea's climate offers year-round sunny skies and dry air. It has less than 50 millimetres (2 in) meant annual rainfall and a summer average temperature between 32 and 39 °C (90 and 102 °F). Winter average temperatures range between 20 and 23 °C (68 and 73 °F). The region has weakened ultraviolet radiation, particularly the UVB (erythrogenic rays), and an atmosphere characterized by a high oxygen content due to the high barometric pressure. The sea affects temperatures nearby because of the moderating effect a large body of water has on climate. During the winter, sea temperatures tend to be higher than land temperatures, and vice versa during the summer months. This is the result of the water's mass and specific heat capacity.
Dead Sea is the safest place in the world for sunbathing as well as by an exceptionally thick layer of dense air and the ozone layer, as well as with the natural filter of water vapor and minerals rising from the water surface reflects harmful ultraviolet rays A and passed soft ultraviolet rays B. Air at the Dead Sea has unique qualities. It is a mixture of chloride salts (magnesium, potassium, calcium and bromine), which are the natural inhalation and have a positive and calming effect on the human body. In the air on the coasts of the Dead Sea underestimated allergen content, as well as the oxygen content of 15% above normal, which creates a natural effect of hyperbaric chambers.
The territory of the Dead Sea on the right has become a major center of medical research and treatment, and there are several explanations. Mineral content in water, very low concentrations of dust and other allergens in the atmosphere, reduced the effect of harmful ultraviolet rays and solar radiation, high air pressure, all of them together and individually have a positive impact on health.
For example, increased atmospheric pressure can be helpful for people suffering from a complication of respiratory functions in cystic fibrosis. Minerals contained in water, have a positive effect on skin and people who suffering from skin diseases such as psoriasis, can enjoy sunbathing, thanks to a thick atmospheric layer, and low content of harmful solar radiation (UV).
Thus the Dead Sea has become a popular center for several types of therapies:
Climatotherapy: a treatment that uses climatic features, such as temperature, dry air, atmospheric pressure, as well as special atmospheric constituents
Solar therapy: treatment that uses the biological effect of solar radiation
Thalassotherapy: Treatment that uses swimming in the Dead Sea.